Participatory research involves conducting research WITH participants rather than ON them. These participants are therefore research partners. Rooted in the work of Kurt Lewin on action research and Chris Argyris on organisational learning (action science), organisational participatory research (OPR) is a form of participatory research where the research partners are academics and members of the organisations involved. OPR combines quantitative, qualitative or mixed research methods with action to improve healthcare practices, services and policies.